Cardano Leios Reworks Node Storage After Sixfold Testnet Result

Input Output consensus team don report changes to the Ouroboros Leios prototype on September 25, as dem focus on how dem dey store data and how node dey operate. The update build on results from MusashiNet, wey be where the proposed Cardano consensus upgrade do im first public test phase under steady transaction load.

Leios Separates Reversible and Settled Data

The prototype now dey store data wey fit roll back separate from data wey don settle. Certified endorser blocks dey move between the two database files for background, and node operators fit put each file for different disk.

The team still change how the node dey remove old records. E dey mark dem first, then e go delete dem small small for batches so that database cleanup no go block the node. Development tools fit now build Leios chain with blocks and votes, or cut the chain go back reach selected slot and remove transactions wey remain outside am.

These changes dey address the storage and recovery demands wey Leios extra blocks create. Dem give the team more strong prototype for the next round of steady testing.

MusashiNet Measured Sixfold Throughput

Leios dey designed to expand Cardano transaction capacity while e still keep the Praos chain. Block producers dey create extra endorser blocks to carry transactions, and these ones dey pass through committee certification before dem enter the permanent ledger. The design dey specified for CIP-164.

MusashiNet first phase, Earth, run for 41 days. More than 127,000 blocks dem produce, around 30,000 endorser blocks dem announce, and nearly 8,000 certificates appear on-chain. Sixty-three stake pools register during the test.

With Leios active, the testnet peak reach 26.8 TxkB/s, compared with 4.51 TxkB/s for Praos under current Cardano mainnet parameters. TxkB/s dey measure the volume of transaction data wey dem process per second, no be the number of transactions. During the more stable final days of Earth, Leios carry 54% of the traffic wey reach the testnet chain.

The test still show software problems, including memory leaks, synchronization wey stall, and delays for block production under load. Fixes from that phase and further changes to the mempool dey under test as MusashiNet dey progress enter im Water phase.

Mainnet Preparation Moves Beyond the Speed Test

Input Output dey aim to produce mainnet-ready Leios release candidate by late 2026. The work wey remain cover production-grade implementation, conformance and security testing, integration with Cardano node software, and preparation across stake pools and ecosystem tools. Hard-fork decision go determine when the upgrade fit activate.

The Leios roadmap dey call for published measurements of throughput, latency and node resource use under steady load. E still require testnet upgrades and plan to gradually increase mainnet parameters. Those results go determine how the performance wey dem measure for Earth go translate into operating requirements and initial mainnet configuration.